Pottery is a timeless craft that has been practiced for centuries, and it remains a popular hobby for many people today. Whether you’re a beginner or an experienced potter, proper care and handling of your finished pottery is essential to ensure the longevity and beauty of your creations. This article will provide helpful tips and techniques for firing and finishing your pottery and clay creations.
Firing Your Pottery
Firing is an essential step in the pottery-making process, as it transforms your clay creations into durable, functional pieces. There are two main types of firing: bisque firing and glaze firing.
Bisque Firing
Bisque firing is the initial firing process, which hardens the clay and prepares it for glazing. During this stage, the pottery should be completely dry to avoid cracking or exploding in the kiln. To ensure even drying, it’s best to place your pottery on a wire rack in a well-ventilated area.
When loading the kiln for bisque firing, make sure to leave enough space between your pottery pieces to allow for proper air circulation. It’s also crucial to use kiln stilts or shelves to prevent your pottery from sticking to the kiln floor.
The temperature for bisque firing typically ranges from 1730°F (945°C) to 1940°F (1060°C), depending on the type of clay you’re using. Follow the recommended firing schedule provided by the clay manufacturer for best results.
Glaze Firing
After bisque firing, your pottery is ready for glazing. Apply glaze evenly and avoid applying too much, as this can cause running or crawling during the firing process. Allow the glaze to dry completely before loading your pottery into the kiln.
Glaze firing temperatures vary depending on the type of glaze used, but they generally range from 1830°F (1000°C) to 2300°F (1260°C). Consult the glaze manufacturer’s guidelines for the appropriate firing temperature and schedule.
During glaze firing, it’s essential to use kiln stilts or cookies (small discs of clay) to prevent glazed pottery pieces from sticking to the kiln shelves. Be cautious not to let glazed surfaces touch each other, as they will fuse together during firing.
Finishing Your Pottery
Once your pottery has been fired, it’s time to add the finishing touches that will bring your creations to life. Here are some techniques and tips for finishing your pottery:
Sanding and Smoothing
After bisque firing, you may find rough spots or sharp edges on your pottery that need smoothing. Use fine-grit sandpaper or a wet sponge to gently remove any imperfections. Be sure to wear a dust mask while sanding to protect yourself from inhaling clay dust.
Wax Resist
To create clean, crisp lines between different glazes or to keep certain areas unglazed, you can use a wax resist. Apply wax resist with a brush to the areas where you don’t want the glaze to adhere. Once the wax is dry, apply your glaze as usual. The wax will burn off during glaze firing, leaving behind the desired design.
Cold Finishes
Some potters choose to add decorative elements after the glaze firing process using cold finishes such as acrylic paints, gold leaf, or decals. Keep in mind that cold finishes are not suitable for functional pieces that will be used for food or drink, as they are not food-safe.
Proper Care and Storage
To ensure the longevity of your pottery, handle it with care and store it properly. Avoid exposing your pottery to extreme temperature changes, as this can cause cracking. When stacking pottery, use padding such as felt or bubble wrap between each piece to prevent chipping or scratching.
By following these tips and techniques for firing and finishing your pottery, you’ll be able to create beautiful, lasting pieces that you can enjoy for years to come.
